What Is Dystocia In Sheep?

Is dystocia common in sheep?

Fetal dystocia. Fetal dystocia due to malpresentation of lambs is associated with at least 50 % of dystocia cases in studies based on requirement for intervention at parturition (Dwyer et al., 1996; Cloete et al., 1998).

What is the most common cause of dystocia?

Failure of cervical dilation and uterine torsion are the most common causes of dystocia of maternal origin. Failure of cervical dilation is associated with long-term progesterone supplementation during pregnancy.

What is dystocia caused by?

Dystocia refers to abnormal or difficult birth. Causes include maternal factors (uterine inertia, inadequate size of birth canal) and/or fetal factors (oversized fetus, abnormal orientation as the fetus enters the birth canal). The condition occurs more commonly in certain breeds.

What is the treatment of dystocia?

Dystocia can be managed medically, with uterotonic (or ecbolic) agents and assisted fetal extraction, or surgically, with delivery through Cesarean section.

What causes dystocia in sheep?

Dystocia risk is increased with high or low birthweight lambs, high (fat) or low liveweight ewes, and small first parity ewes. Other factors implicated include low muscle glycogen, pregnancy toxaemia, mineral imbalance causing hypocalcaemia, and a lack of antioxidant nutrients.

How is Enterotoxemia treated in sheep?

Recommended treatments can include the following:

1. Clostridium perfringens C & D antitoxin according to the manufacturer’s recommendations (5 mL of C & D antitoxin subcutaneously)
2. Antibiotics, especially penicillin.
3. Orally administered antacids.
4. Anti-bloating medication.
5. Pain reduction.

What are signs of dystocia?

Clinical signs of dystocia include labor lasting more than 4 hours with no production of the fetus, green vaginal discharge, and / or more than 1 hour between births. If any of these signs are noted, it is recommended that you seek medical attention immediately.

What can result in dystocia for a female?

Dystocia in the second stage of labor is characterized by prolonged duration or arrested descent. This may be caused by fetal malposition, inadequate contractions, poor maternal efforts, or true cephalopelvic disproportion.

How can dystocia be prevented?

Can shoulder dystocia be prevented? In most instances, shoulder dystocia cannot be prevented because it cannot be predicted. If you have diabetes or have developed diabetes in pregnancy, you will usually be offered early induction of labour or planned caesarean section. This will reduce the risk of shoulder dystocia.

What are the risk factors of dystocia?

Risk factors for shoulder dystocia include:

• Macrosomia.
• Having preexisting diabetes or gestational diabetes.
• Having shoulder dystocia in a previous pregnancy.
• Being pregnant twins, triples or other multiples.
• Being overweight or gaining too much weight during pregnancy.

What is dystocia or difficult labor?

“Dystocia” (difficult or obstructed labor )² encompasses a variety of concepts, ranging from “abnormally” slow dilation of the cervix or descent of the fetus during active labor³ to entrapment of the fetal shoulders after delivery of the head (“shoulder dystocia,” an obstetric emergency).

What is emotional dystocia?

Emotional Stress: Underlying emotional or psychological stress can cause labor to stall or slow down. Also known as “emotional dystocia,” this can be anything from an extreme fear of labor pain, not feeling safe, or lack of privacy, to trauma from prior sexual abuse.

How is shoulder dystocia managed?

Because most cases of shoulder dystocia can be relieved with the McRoberts maneuver and suprapubic pressure, many women can be spared a surgical incision. This procedure involves flexing and abducting the maternal hips, positioning the maternal thighs up onto the maternal abdomen.